Pembebasan dari Kuasa Jahat: Kajian Komparatif Naratif Tobit 6:14–19; 8:1–21 dan Lukas 8:26–39 serta Implikasinya bagi Pelayanan Pastoral Gereja
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58374/sepakat.v12i2.526Keywords:
cooperation of grace, deliverance, exorcism, Luke, pastoral ministry, TobitAbstract
This article compares two biblical narratives of liberation from evil power: the Old Testament account in Tobit 6:14–19; 8:1–21 and the New Testament account in Luke 8:26–39. The study responds to a pastoral urgency created by the spread of charismatic deliverance ministries and persistent belief in sorcery and witchcraft in several Indonesian pastoral contexts, including Flores and East Nusa Tenggara, where a theologically sound account of exorcism and deliverance is needed. Although each narrative has been studied separately, comparative treatment of the two remains rare. Using a qualitative library-research method grounded in narrative exegesis and Catholic hermeneutics, the study examines the narrative context, the agents and causes of affliction, the method of deliverance, divine agency, and the theological message of both texts through an explicit comparative matrix. The analysis shows that Tobit displays a mediated, gradual pattern of deliverance through the angel Raphael, while Luke displays a direct, authoritative pattern through Jesus' word; both converge on a three-stage crisis-confrontation-restoration pattern and on an asymmetrical cooperation between divine initiative and human participation, which constitute this study's conceptual contribution. These findings yield pastoral implications: a clear distinction between exorcism and magic, discernment shaped by Church norms, and tiered formation for pastoral ministers, especially in contexts vulnerable to syncretism.
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