Implementasi Mengajar Menurut Edwin Ray Guthrie pada Guru PAK
Keywords:
Behaviorism, Christian Character, Christian Religious Education, Conditioning, ContiguityAbstract
Edwin Ray Guthrie's learning theory, known as the concept of contiguity, emphasizes the importance of a direct relationship between stimulus and response in the learning process. According to this theory, a response tends to be repeated if the same stimulus reappears, thus becoming the main key in forming certain habits or behaviors. In the context of Christian Religious Education (PAK), this theory is relevant to be applied in teaching moral and spiritual values, such as love, honesty, loyalty, and forgiveness. Learning based on fragmentation and conditioning aims to shape the character of students consistently, sustainably, and in a directed manner according to Christian teachings. The main challenge in implementing this theory is maintaining the consistency of the stimulus in a dynamic classroom environment and requiring teachers to act not only as a transmitter of material, but also as a real life role model for students. Therefore, Guthrie's theory needs to be adapted through a more holistic approach, by integrating spiritual reflection, habituation of Christian values, and contextual application. Support for the repetition method is also found in Bible teachings, such as Deuteronomy 6:4-9, which emphasizes the importance of teaching the values of faith continuously and sustainably to the next generation.
References
Anis, H. (2021). Teori belajar behavioristik menurut ahli. Risalah: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Studi Islam, 4(1), Maret.
Arozatulo Bawamenewi, D. (2023). Microteaching. Penerbit Intelektual Manifes Media.
Dkk, C. Sunangsih. (2017). Pengelolaan pendidikan. UPI Sumedang Press.
Gea, R. (2025). Peran guru PAK dalam pengembangan materi pembelajaran nilai-nilai Kristiani pada peserta didik di SD Negeri 076067 Orahili, Nias Utara. (Tidak dipublikasikan).
Halawa, O. (2022). Etika, strategi dan media: Kunci prestasi pendidikan Kristen. Penerbit Peniks Muda Sejahtera.
Hutapea, R. H. (2022). Nilai pendidikan Kristiani “terimalah satu akan yang lain” dalam bingkai moderasi beragama. Kurios, 8(1), 58. https://doi.org/10.30995/kur.v8i1.540
Istapawati, I. (2022). Keteladanan guru pendidikan agama Kristen yang memiliki karakter Kristus terhadap peserta didik di sekolah. Angelion: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen, 3(1), 14–32. https://doi.org/10.38189/jan.v3i1.305
Keller, K. D. (2016). Bab II kajian pustaka. Bab II Kajian Pustaka, 2004, 6–25.
Mustofa, G. (2019). Teori contiguous conditioning Edwin Ray Guthrie dan penerapannya dalam pembelajaran PAI di sekolah. As-Salam, 8, 192.
Nahar, N. I. (2016). Penerapan teori belajar behavioristik dalam proses pembelajaran. Nusantara: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, 1, 65.
Putrokoesoemo, R. (2025). Pertumbuhan rohani melalui pendidikan: Membangun jemaat yang kuat dalam iman. Penerbit Feniks Muda Sejahtera.
Rusman. (2010). Model-model pembelajaran. Rajawali Pers.
Sakdiyah, J. S. A. S. P. K., & Darmayanti, P. R. F. A. N. (2024). Implikasi teori belajar behavioristik Edwin Ray Guthrie dalam menangani malas belajar siswa. El-Mujtama, 4, 81.
Salu, S. B. R. (2022). Implementasi metode pengajaran berdasarkan Ulangan 6:4-9 bagi perkembangan spiritualitas anak usia dini. Didache: Journal of Christian Education, 3(2), 107. https://doi.org/10.46445/djce.v3i2.544
Santina, Y., & Tapilaha, S. R. (2023). Pengaruh guru PAK dalam bimbingan konseling terhadap pembentukan karakter peserta didik Kristen. Jurnal Christian Humaniora, 15.
Simatupang, H. (2015). Definisi teologi praktis Kristen. Penerbit Andi.
Wolterstorff, N. P. (2007). Mendidik untuk kehidupan. Momentum.
Yoel Giban, Djoweni, I. S. H., Sugiarsi, E., & Sinaga, H. (2022). Antologi pendidikan agama Kristen. Penerbit Qiara Media.